The threat of deadly avian flu to cats, dogs and other pets is relatively low, but no nonexistent.

Although the virus has been most associated with disastrous outbreaks among chickens and other domesticated fowl, it has also hit hard at wild animals like fox and especially harbor seals.

Other mammals – including cats and dogs – may become infected if they eat sick or dead infected birds. This would likely occur when outdoor pets are in an area experiencing an outbreak. The chance of mammal-to-mammal infection, even with close contact, is considered low but not zero.

One tricky area involves learning about avian flu outbreaks in your area. Some infections to mammals are thought to be from virus strains that might be harmless to wild birds, so widespread reporting to the public could be limited.

In pets like cats and dogs, signs of infection have not been extensively described, but may include fever, lethargy, lack of appetite, conjunctivitis (pink eye), difficulty breathing, neurological issues and even death. Because most of these are common with other respiratory diseases in cats and dogs, laboratory confirmation is necessary for a definitive diagnosis. 

Pet birds are generally in the same low risk category, unless they spend time outdoors where it might contact wild birds. This should be minimized and, even if your bird is in its cage outdoors, watch it closely to keep away wild birds and other animals.

An additional and serious bird threat involves the sale of wild birds caught in the pet trade. Besides moral issues, this practice can contribute to the introductions of many diseases, including the avian flu, into homes and aviaries. That’s why you should seek a reputable breeder or rescue group to ensure that your new pet is healthy. If you have questions, contact an avian vet who can test for the diseases specific to birds, such as the avian flu. They are most likely to offer your bird treatment if needed.

Given the lack of widespread, confirmed infections among pets, avian flu is not something for pet owners to panic over. However, some awareness of this growing danger is wise. A good source of information is the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service and this webpage and this webpage are good places to start.